AWG : An Innovator In The Field Of Optical Communications
AWG : An Innovator In The Field Of Optical Communications
the structure of AWG
AWG composition structure:
Input waveguide, input star coupler, array waveguides
Output star coupler, coupler, output waveguide
The DWDM signal enters the input star coupler from the input waveguide and is distributed to the array waveguide after free transmission.
This allocation process has nothing to do with wavelength, and all wavelengths are allocated to the array waveguide indiscriminately.
Arrayed waveguides produce phase differences for multiple beams, and the phase of each beam is an arithmetic progression.
similar to the situation in traditional gratings.
Different wavelengths are spread out and focused at different locations in the output star coupler.
Different wavelengths are received by different waveguides, thereby achieving parallel demultiplexing of DWDM signals.
2. Advantages of AAWG
Compared with other wavelength division products (technologies such as FBG and TTF),
AWG has the advantages of high integration, large number of channels, small insertion loss.
and ease of batch automated production.
AWG chip cutting (laser cutting)
Hirundo uses laser cutting technology to process AWG raw materials.
which has the advantages of high efficiency, high precision, and high quality.
Hirundo can also provide different types of AAWG to meet customer needs, as follows:
3. Classification of AWG
Thermal-tuned AWG
Working principle:
Thermal AWG needs to use a temperature controller and temperature control circuit
to make it work at a fixed temperature (usually 65°C ~ 85°C) for a long time
to achieve the purpose of stabilizing the center wavelength.
Application:
Use in optical communication systems requiring temperature control or thermal stability.
It is suitable for application scenarios that have high temperature stability requirements and where power consumption is not the main consideration.
Athermal AWG
Working principle:
An athermal AWG adopts special design and technology so that the wavelength does not change with changes in external temperature.
It does not use any heating device or control circuit and does not require the assistance of circuits.
Application:
Suitable for environments with large temperature fluctuations or scenarios that do not require additional temperature control.
It is especially suitable for environments with no power supply or large temperature fluctuations.
such as metropolitan area networks and long-distance DWDM optical fiber communication systems.
4. Features:
Stable performance, low insertion loss, strong flexibility
5. Applications of AWG:
Multiplexing and demultiplexing
In dense wavelength division multiplexing systems (DWDM), AWGs are used as multiplexers and demultiplexers.
At the input end, the AWG can combine light of different wavelengths into a single optical fiber to achieve multiplexing;
at the output end, the AWG separates light of different wavelengths into different output ports to achieve demultiplexing.
For example, in a multiplexer, the main function of AWG is to separate or combine components of different wavelengths.
thereby effectively improving network transmission efficiency.
Spectral analysis
AWG is based on the principles of waveguide phase modulation and grating refraction.
By reasonably designing the length of the optical waveguide and the spacing between waveguides,
optical signals of different wavelengths interfere on the output waveguide, thereby achieving wavelength separation and light splitting.
This property enables the AWG to decompose an optical signal containing multiple wavelengths into its component wavelengths.
enabling detailed analysis of the spectrum.
Photonic integrated circuit field
AAWG 's multi-channel count feature is widely used in long-distance signal transmission in metropolitan area networks, backbone networks, data centers, etc.
Its good PMD characteristics (<0.5 ps) can better meet the requirements of 40G/100G DWDM transmission systems and meet the PMD tolerance of high-speed systems.
